The first complete set of 5G standards, introduced with 3GPP Release 15 in 2017, promised revolutionary changes in download speeds and the emergence of new applications. However, the initial rollout faced challenges, especially in the UK, where 5G was often added to existing infrastructure. Now, with the evolution to 5G Standalone, experts anticipate significant improvements in speed and reliability over the next few years.
Despite the initial hype, 5G is delivering higher speeds, though real-world averages may still be below theoretical capabilities. Gartner analyst Bill Menezes suggests that as carriers upgrade their networks for 5G Standalone, users will experience the promised improvements.
Looking ahead, 3GPP Release 18 introduces 5G-Advanced, expected to be finalized in 2024. This evolution aims to address limitations from the initial 5G rollout, offering support for non-terrestrial networks, improved uplink speeds, and enhanced MIMO signal capacity. The advancements are designed to boost mobile broadband performance, support new applications like extended reality, and introduce intelligent network automation using AI and machine learning techniques.
Huawei plans to launch the technology for a 5G-Advanced network, labeled as 5.5G, with promises of improved capabilities. Ericsson sees 5G-Advanced as a stepping stone towards future 6G network standards. Although 6G is not expected until around 2030, early work is likely to begin in 2024, focusing on even higher speeds, widespread networks, and improved energy efficiency.
In summary, 5G continues to evolve with 5G-Advanced, offering performance enhancements and paving the way for future 6G networks, driven by the industry’s quest for greater efficiency and capabilities.
